Community based rehabilitation for Mentally Challenged Children

Ajmer, Rajasthan
 

This project involves the 'special' children in Ajmer district. Children who are called Mentally Handicapped as their limitations range from mental retardation, autism, cerebral palsy, learning disability etc. To educate and rehabilitate these children, various activities would be conducted under the following programs:
  1. Day care centre.
  2. Community base Rehabilitation program.

With the help of these programs, the organisation would be giving its services to around 225 mentally challenged children in the Ajmer city.

Background and History

Mental Retardation refers to significantly, sub average general intellectual functioning resulting in or associated with concurrent impairments in adaptive behaviour and manifested during the development period (Definition of American Association of Mentally Retardation Grossman 1983). It is a condition that describes children and adult who are limited in their ability to learn. They are socially immature. It characterizes an inability to participate meaningfully in play with other children. Mentally Retarded Children have inadequate adaptive skills like communication, self help, social and academic skills.

The prevalence of Mental Retardation is estimated to be approximately 3% of the global population. Approximately 75% of diagnosed Mentally Retarded persons are of mild category and rest of 25% are distributed into moderate, severe and profound categories. Nearly 10% of people with Mental Retardation have associated medical conditions like epilepsy, Hyperkinesias, while 4% of all children with Mental Retardation have multiple handicapped. There are about 7.5 Million Mentally Retarded Children in India (NSSO,1991). There have been no systematic National survey to determine the prevalence of M.R. in India. However, in estimation the figures vary from 22 to 32.8 per thousand population.

Generally, mental retardation has a strong association with the family history the possibility of mentally retarded child is associated with the maternity age of before 18 and beyond 35. In rural areas the incidences of retardation is more, due to non scientific methods of delivery of the child. Such special children needs special educational care and required concerted efforts for their adjustment in the mainstream of society.

Rajastan Mahila Kalyan Mandal has been working in the field of training and education of mentally challenged children since last 10 years. Working in this field is actually, a great challenge due to the ignorance, prejudice and biases of the community about these Mentally Retarded Children.

This project is working to help the mentally challenged children live a self reliant and dignified life in the society through education, and by creating a congenial social environment for their rehabilitation. Education, health care and vocational training is provided to 225 mentally handicapped children. Health care of these children will be taken up. Another component is the Community sensitization towards issues related to the mentally handicapped and their rights. Awareness about prenatal, neonatal and postnatal care of mentally challenged children is addressed.

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